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Objective: To investigate the relationship between negative attentional bias and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) in the context of higher depression and anxiety symptoms after the outbreak of COVID-19, so as to provide scientific basis for mental health education in primary and secondary schools. Methods: From March to April 2021, a total of 708 students from primary school and junior high school (grade 6 through grade 9) in Beijing, Shanxi, Hunan, Shandong, Hebei, Hubei of China were selected. The Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale(CRIES), the Attention to Positive and Negative Information Scale (APNI)and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21(DASS-21) were used in a questionnaire survey. Results: A total of 242 students were diagnosed with PTSD, and the detection rate was 34.2%. The scores of intrusion and high arousal of boys(7.92+or-5.33, 8.60+or-5.41) were lower than those of girls(8.72+or-4.85, 9.50+or-4.76), and the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.04, -2.32, P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences of negative attention bias, CRIES score, intrusion, debarb and high arousal among primary and middle school students of different grades (F=3.57, 5.99, 4.45, 4.60, 7.40, P < 0.05). Negative attention bias, anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms were significantly positively correlated (r=0.27-0.84, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that anxiety (OR=1.13, 95%CI=1.06-1.20) and negative attention bias (OR=1.10, 95%CI=1.07-1.12) were positively associated with PTSD symptoms in primary and middle school students(P < 0.01). Conclusion: Anxiety and depressive symptoms show impacts on negative attention bias and might exacerbate the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Therefore, emotional adjustments can help reduce the post-traumatic stress response in the post-epidemic period.
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Objective: Vaccines are one of the promising approaches to control the pandemic. The aim of this study, which was conducted on healthcare workers who previously were or were not infected with COVID-19, was to evaluate the undesirable effects that developed after the CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences, Beijing, China). Methods: Volunteers who were administered the first dose of inactivated CoronaVac vaccine between January 14-24, 2021, were included in this retrospective study. Demographic information was obtained from the questionnaire results and from the data of the applications made due to side effects. Results: 911 healthcare workers, 232 of whom had a history of COVID-19 were included in the study. The mean age of those with a history of COVID-19, was 36 (20-66), and 33.6% were men. 26.7% were doctors, 34.9% were nurses, 155 (66.8%) worked in internal and 62 (26.7%) in surgical units. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding age, gender, task, and the departments they worked in. Comorbidities were present in 25.9% of the group with a history of COVID-19;the most common disease was asthma (5.6%). Allergy history was 4.3% in the group with COVID-19 and 7.8% in the other group (p=0.070). The incidence of post-vaccine adverse events (62.9%) was higher in those with a history of COVID-19 than in those without (57.1%). The most common adverse event was a headache, and it was significantly higher in the group who had COVID-19 compared to those who had not (36.6% vs. 27.7%;p=0.01). Conclusion: In our study, we observed that the rates of undesirable effects after vaccination were high in individuals with a history of COVID-19. Although it is thought that this situation may be related to the developing antibody response rates, the insufficient number of cases and the lack of determination of the antibody response after infection and vaccination are a disadvantage of the study.
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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of asymptomatic norovirus infections status in kitchen workers in schools, child care settings, and catering service units and other key places in Tongzhou district of Beijing from 2019 to 2021, and provide evidence for scientific prevention and control of norovirus infection. Methods: The simple random sampling method was used to select the kitchen workers, especially the kitchen workers preparing cold dish, from catering service units, schools, childcare settings, construction sites, hotels as study subjects, and their anal swabs or stool samples were collected for norovirus nucleic acid detection by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Descriptive method was used to analyze the asymptomatic norovirus infection status of the kitchen workers. Results: A total of 3880 samples were collected from 552 units, and 15 norovirus positive cases were detected, including 1 sample positive for GI and 14 samples positive for GII. The asymptomatic norovirus infection rate was 0.39% (15/3880), in which 0.30% (5/1656) in man, and 0.45% (10/2224) in women. No asymptomatic infections were detected in age groups < 18 years and > 60 years, and 2055 cases were detected in age group 19- years, with a positive rate of 0.34% (7/2055), and 1637 cases were detected in age group 46- years, with a positive rate of 0.49% (8/1637). In 2019 when no COVID-19 epidemic occurred, the asymptomatic norovirus infection rate was 1.00% (1/100), but the asymptomatic norovirus infection rate was 0.39% (11/2805)in 2020 and 0.31%(3/975)in 2021 in the context of COVID-19 epidemic. Conclusion: The asymptomatic norovirus infection rate in kitchen workers in key places in Tongzhou was similar to the average level in Beijing during the same period. In COVID-19 epidemic period, the asymptomatic norovirus infection rate was lower than that before the epidemic.
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Objective: To understand the awareness level towards coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) prevention and the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine among people living with HIV/AIDS, and to discuss the related factors. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among people living with HIV/AIDS who visited the HIV clinic in the PLA General Hospital from June to December 2021.A general descriptive analysis, univariate and binary logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze data. Results: A total of 169 questionnaires were analyzed. Among them, 93.5%(158/169) would like to know more about COVID-19 related knowledge, 88.2%(149/169) were reminded to inject vaccine, 98.8%(167/169) would be far away from medium and high risk areas, 97.0%(164/169) would persuade others to follow the disease preventive requirements, 14.2%(24/169) thought that the propaganda was exaggerated, 30.8%(52/169) were worried about the safety of the vaccine, 80.5%(136/169) thought that they would feel relieved after the vaccination, and 98.2%(166/169) agreed that vaccination was the most effective way to fight against COVID-19. However, only 60.4%(102/169) were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccine. The major factors affecting vaccination intention were age and feeling safe after vaccination. Conclusions: People living with HIV/AIDS are more cautious about COVID-19 vaccination, therefore the coverage rate is relatively low.It is necessary for health providers to understand the specific situation of people living with HIV, and to enhance the heath education on the safety of COVID-19 vaccine especially among people with HIV/AIDS in order to improve the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine.
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Effectively blocking the transmission route of coronavirus and protecting the susceptible population play significant roles in the control of COVID-19 pandemic. Strengthening home-based medical observation is one of the key points in preventing the spread of SARS-CoV-2 virus in families and communities. Therefore, in order to meet the needs for COVID-19 prevention and control in Beijing, a group of experts organized by Beijing Association of Preventive Medicine developed the Guidelines for medical observation management of close contacts with COVID-19 cases Part 3: home-based medical observation(T/BPMA007.3-2020), which offers the specific provisions for close contacts of COVID-19 cases who need home-based medical observation as well as home environmental condition, prevention and control requirements, waste disposal, disinfection, community prevention and control work requirements, basic requirements for training and education and management guidelines.It provides standard support for home-based medical observation of close contacts with COVID-19 cases.
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Objective: To investigate the psychological characteristics of college students during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), so as to provide a basis for psychological intervention. Methods: From May 17, 2020 to Jun. 17, 2020, the adjusted psychological questionnaires for emergent events of public health (PQEEPH) was surveyed among the college students of Beijing Union University. The questionnaire included 5 dimensions:depression, neurasthenia, fear, obsessive-compulsive anxiety, and hypochondriasis. Four grades were scored according to the degree and frequency of emotional responses:0 means no symptoms, 1 means mild symptoms, 2 means moderate symptoms, and 3 means severe symptoms. Results: A total of 3 019 valid questionnaires were collected. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the emotional responses of college students, from the most serious to the least, were fear, neurasthenia, depression, obsessive-compulsive anxiety, and hypochondriasis, with the incidences being 87.7% (2 648/3 019), 44.8% (1 353/3 019), 37.4% (1 129/3 019), 17.3% (522/3 019), and 11.6% (350/3 019), respectively. The fear scores of female students were higher than those of male students (P < 0.001), the fear scores of college students from towns/suburbs were higher than those from rural and urban areas (both P < 0.017), the scores of depression, neurasthenia and obsessivecompulsive anxiety of college students with confirmed COVID-19 cases around them or their relatives participated in the epidemic prevention and control as medical staff or logistics support personnel were higher than those without such conditions (all P < 0.017), and the scores of depression, obsessive-compulsive anxiety and hypochondriasis of college students with suspected COVID-19 cases around them were higher than those without such condition (all P < 0.017). Females were more likely to have moderate to severe fear than males (odds ratio[OR]=1.53, 95% confidence interval[CI] 1.25-1.88, P < 0.001), those with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 cases around them were more likely to have moderate to severe fear than those without such conditions (OR=2.03, 95% CI 1.29-3.20, P=0.002), and those living in towns/suburbs were more likely to have moderate to severe fear than those living in rural and urban areas (OR=0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.94, P=0.015;OR=0.78, 95% CI 0.63-0.97, P=0.025). Conclusion: COVID-19 epidemic has impact on the psychology of college students. It is necessary to pay attention to the mental health of college students and provide targeted psychological counseling for them.
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Objective: To investigate the quality of life (QOL) of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) patients in the recovery stage of six months after discharge and to analyze the influence factors. Methods: Based on the COVID-19 case registration system whose establishment was led by Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, 117 COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage hospitalized in designated hospitals of COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei Province from January 17th to March 17th, 2020 were taken as the research objects and were followed up for six months after discharge. The QOL of patients was investigated with the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) face to face. The score of the QOL of patients with different clinical characteristics was analyzed and compared. The relationship between different clinical characteristics and the total score of the QOL of patients was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Statistically significant factors were included in the linear regression analysis and the linear correlation equation of the total score of the QOL was obtained. Results: The total score of the QOL of patients in the WHOQOL-BREF scale was 75.79 +or- 13.80 points, the self-evaluation of the QOL was 3.20 +or- 0.78 points, and the self-evaluation of health condition was 2.60 +or- 0.79 points. The total score of the QOL of female patients, patients with high sequelae grade, and patients with history of smoking was lower than that of male patients, patients with low sequelae grade, and patients without history of smoking. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that the typing of the acute stage of COVID-19, sequelae grade, gender, and history of smoking were related to the total score of the QOL of patients at six months after discharge. The linear regression analysis showed that sequelae grade was linearly correlated with the total score of the QOL of patients at six months after discharge. Linear correlation equation was Y=94.179-9.153X. Conclusions: At six months after discharge, COVID-19 patients in the recovery stage were generally dissatisfied with their QOL and health condition. Their overall QOL was relatively low. It was affected by factors such as gender, BMI, underlying diseases, and history of smoking. And the sequelae symptoms had the most significant impact.
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Objective: To study students' mental health status during epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia, and to explore the influence of mindfulness level and perceived social support on mental health. Methods: A total of 240 undergraduate nursing students were investigated with Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. SAS and Mplus were applied to describe the data and conduct mediation analysis. Results: About 18.8% of the participants were depressed and 27.9% were anxious, 13.3% were stressed, and 31.7% had problems of sleeping. The mindfulness level could directly affect sleep disorder (beta = - 0.242, P < 0.001), stress (beta = - 0.397, P < 0.001), anxiety (beta = - 0.350, P < 0.001)and depression(beta = - 0.484, P < 0.001), and could also indirectly affect sleep disorder (beta = - 0.171, P < 0.001), stress (beta = - 0.105, P = 0.029), anxiety (beta = - 0.102, P = 0.034) and depression (beta = - 0.180, P < 0.001) via the mediation role of perceived social support with the mediating effects accounted for 41.40%, 20.92%, 22.52% and 37.19%, respectively. Conclusions: Mindfulness level can improve the mental health of nursing undergraduates through direct action and understanding the intermediary role of social support. Nursing educators can consider integrating mindfulness decompression training into daily teaching, and give nursing undergraduates enough psychological and emotional support and encouragement to improve their mental health level.
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In order to estimate the transmission of COVID-19, the asymptomatic class is introduced to the SEIADR model, an improved SEIADR model is proposed to analyze the influence of wearing face masks on the final size and the basic reproduction number of COVID-19. To study the impact of face masks on the transmission of COVID-19, the population is divided into two groups;one group wearing face masks (including susceptible, exposed, infectious, asymptomatic, dead and recovered), and the other not wearing face masks (including susceptible, exposed, infectious, asymptomatic, dead and recovered). The group dynamic model is used to determine the basic reproduction number and the control reproduction number of the epidemic. Then the final size of disease is simulated based on data. Finally, the dynamic influence of face masks on epidemic transmission is simulated by numerical analysis. Data simulations show that without any intervention, the basic reproduction number is 1.35. If 50% of population wear face masks, the susceptibility and infectivity are reduced by 50% 9 then the control reproduction number will decreased to 0.39, and the final epidemic size Will reduce from 73.20% to 16.15%.
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Objective: To compare the clinical manifestations, liver function, and antibody levels between Omicron variant infection patients vaccinated and not vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine. Methods: Totally 430 convalescent COVID-19 patients infected with Omicron variant in Tianjin were selected, including 150 patients vaccinated with Corona Vaccine(Sinovac group), 185 patients vaccinated with BBIBP-CorV(Beijing biological group), 41 patients vaccinated with Ad5-nCoV vaccine(CanSino group), 16 patients vaccinated with Anhui Zhifei, Changchun Bio, Lanzhou Bio, Shandong Bio, other adenovirus vector vaccines or mixed vaccination(other group), and 38 unvaccinated patients(unvaccinated group). The clinical manifestations, liver function indexes [alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), total bilirubin(TB), albumin(ALB), total protein(TP), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)], and antibody levels(IgG, IgM)were compared retrospectively. Results: There was no statistical difference in the sex composition ratio among groups(P > 0.05). The age of the Beijing biological group was significantly lower than that of other groups, and the proportion of time less than 3 months from the last vaccination to admission in the Beijing biological group and CanSino group was significantly higher than that in the Sinovac group and other groups(all P < 0.01). A total of 110 children aged less than 16 years were enrolled, including 7, 88, 0, 1 and 14 cases in the Sinovac group, Beijing biological group, CanSino group, other group, and unvaccinated group, respectively. There were 6 asymptomatic cases, 13 moderate cases, 91 mild cases and 0 severe case. There was no significant difference in the abnormal rate of ALT between Beijing biological group and unvaccinated group(P > 0.05), but the abnormal rates of ALT were higher in the Sinovac group and CanSino group than in the unvaccinated group and Beijing biological group(all P < 0.05). The abnormal rate of AST in the unvaccinated group was higher than that in other groups(P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in AST, TP or TB among the groups(all P > 0.05). The levels of ALT were higher in the Sinovac group and CanSino group than in Beijing biological Group and unvaccinated group, the level of ALB in the unvaccinated group was lower than that in the other groups, and the level of LDH in the Beijing biological group was higher than those in the Sinovac group and CanSino group(both P < 0.05). The IgG and IgM antibody levels of the unvaccinated group were significantly lower than those of the Sinovac group, Beijing biological group and CanSino group(all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Omicron variant infection patients vaccinated with BBIBP-CorV are younger and have a higher proportion of mild conditions, which can protect the liver function of patients to a certain extent. Patients vaccinated with different COVID-19 vaccines can produce higher levels of IgG and IgM antibodies than the unvaccinated patients.
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Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and optimizing the ecosystem of science and technology innovation, this article summarizes the highlights of CAMS & PUMC's efforts in safeguarding people's health and promoting the Healthy China 2030 strategy through scientific and technological innovation in the fields including basic research, disease prevention and treatment, and medical technology in the past ten years. These achievements embody the endeavors and responsibility of CAMS & PUMC in realizing self-reliance and self-improvement of Chinese medical science and technology and highlight its contributions to the development of medical science and technology of China.
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Ecosystem , Inventions , Humans , Academies and Institutes , ChinaABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the application and diagnostic efficacy of two different colloidal gold kits for the detection of 2019-nCoV immunoglobulin M antibody (anti-IgM) and immunoglobulin G antibody (anti-IgG) in Beijing, a low endemic area, and to guide the rational clinical application. The sera of 29 patients with confirmed novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) and 19 411 patients from the non-infected screening population were selected to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and false-positive rate of the 2019-nCoV antibody test kits from Zhuhai Lizhu and Tangshan Innotek using colloidal gold immunochromatography. The sensitivity of Inotec 2019-nCoV was slightly higher than that of Lizhu 2019-nCoV, with a sensitivity of 58.62% and 55.17%, respectively;the specimen collection time of the all-negative group was significantly less than that of the antibody-positive group (P < 0.05);the false-positive rate of the two reagents in the low-prevalence area was 0.16%, and the false-positive rate of 2019-nCoV IgG was higher in Inotec than in Lizhu. The false positive rate for 2019-nCoV IgM was significantly higher than that for IgG for the same brand (Inotec ?2=14.756 09, P=0.000 0;Lizhu ?2=27.492 62, P=0.000). Conclusion The 2019-nCoV antibody test is rapid, simple and easy to perform, with high specificity, and can be used as a rapid screening indicator for new crowns;the specificity, correctness and negative predictive value of the two kits are good, and the application of the other kit for retesting when a positive result occurs can reduce the false positive rate of informing the clinic;the application and analysis of positive reports of new crown antibodies should be combined with the endemic area and clinical comprehensive judgment.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnosis and clinical characteristics of 10 cases of clustered Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia during the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The clinical data of 10 patients with clustered Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in a college diagnosed and treated by the Third Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from Mar. 10, 2021 to Mar. 17, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, the clinical characteristics of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection were summarized, and the diagnosis and treatment plan was selected quickly and accurately. RESULTS: All 10 cases with Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia infection had no history of contact with live or dead birds, 80% of them had cough symptom, 50% of them had fever symptom. Laboratory test results showed that 80% of patients had white blood cell count in normal range, 60% of patients had increased c-reactive protein level to varying degrees, 70% of patients had creatine kinase above normal, creatinine and procalcitonin were all normal, and some coagulation function indexes were abnormal. Lung CT scan showed increased density of unilateral lung floccus, nodules or spots, with air bronchial signs and even consolidation. The results of respiratory tract five-link card showed that all 10 patients were positive for Chlamydia pneumoniae immunoglobulin M(IgM) antibody. The nucleic acid sequence of Chlamydia pneumoniae was detected by metagenomics next-generation sequencing(mNGS)in 2 patients after hospitalization. 10 patients were treated with moxifloxacin hydrochloride and sodium chloride injection and moxifloxacin hydrochloride tables in sequences, all of which were cured. After 1 month, the outpatient reexamination of lung CT showed that the inflammation was basically absorbed. CONCLUSION: Chlamydia pneumoniae infection can cause outbreak through respiratory transmission, which tend to occur in the spring. The combination of respiratory pathogen antibody detection and mNGS technology can improve the efficiency of clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Objective: The characteristics of imported coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) cases from outside China were analyzed to provide evidence for prevention and control backflow of the epidemic.
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Makeshift hospitals have played an important role in responding to the spread of the epidemic caused by the Omicron coronavirus variant, one of the novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2) strains with significantly enhanced infectiousness. In order to prevent the patients, healthcare workers and other staff against from infection, Healthcare-associated Infection Management Committee of Chinese Hospital Association organized domestic experts to jointly formulate this consensus according to the comprehensive consideration of national guidelines as well as the actual characteristics and needs of makeshift hospitals. This consensus is mainly applicable for makeshift hospitals where a large number of asymptomatic and mild cases of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) are treated. It provides guidance for the managers and staff to implement prevention and control work in line with local conditions in makeshift hospitals based on a perfect organizational structure and efficient working mechanism, the prevention and control work includes training and assessment of infection control knowledge and skills, flowing in and out of the makeshift hospitals for staff and materials, infection monitoring and feedback, implementation of infection prevention and control measures, requirements for infection management in key areas, occupational protection of staff and terminal disinfection, etc. Meanwhile, this consensus particularly emphasizes that the infection prevention and control in makeshift hospitals is a systematic project, which requires not only multi-system and multi-department collaboration, but also uniting in a concrete effort among leaders and staff. In accordance with the national guidelines and evidence-based experiences, it is very important to combine theory with practice for ensuring efficient operation and safety of makeshift hospitals.
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The COVID-19 made a major impact on global sports events, and the risk management experience of large-scale sports events at home and abroad under the background of normalized epidemic prevention and control can provide reference for a series of large-scale sports events around the world. To the large-scale sports events to restart the crisis and challenge, the prevention and control of epidemic diseases under the background of normalized large-scale sports events risk management system of the historical experience of the study, by the WHO in July 2020, issued the second edition of "new crown large gatherings outbreak risk assessment tools-sports" as a standard relative authority run competitions, and the "epidemic prevention manual" of the Tokyo 2020 Olympics and the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was used as a relatively systematic practical tool. Based on the historical experience of China and other countries, this paper puts forward the realistic mirror of risk management of large-scale sports events under the background of the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, and puts forward four inspirations for risk prevention and control of global large-scale sports events: building a special connection mechanism to achieve flat management of epidemic risk prevention and control;innovating epidemic risk management models to highlight dynamic changes in epidemic prevention and control;paying attention to the risk management of the event public opinion, reasonably highlighting the national characteristics of culture;and relying on new technology to create a new field, science and technology can reduce the risk of insufficient audiences.
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Objective: To investigate a reasonable threshold d total bilirubin for the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus - related acute - on -chronic liver failure (HBV - ACLF), and to realize accurate early diagnosis.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of systematic vaccination management model in mass vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine. METHODS: According to the mass vaccination plan formulated by the Day Clinic of the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, the vaccination work was fully deployed before vaccination;and the temporary specification of mass vaccination sites were set up according to the requirements of the temporary vaccination site for the new coronavirus vaccine in Beijing;the vaccine management systems was strictly implemented, the doctor group, nursing group and guarantee group performed the responsibilities of their own to ensure smooth and orderly vaccination work. RESULTS: The medical center has participated in more than 30 mass vaccinations of COVID-19, no vaccination error-related reactions and psychogenic reactions occurred at the vaccination site, and no adverse events that were caused by problems in the process link occurred. CONCLUSION: The detailed work plan for mass vaccination may facilitate the safe and orderly mass vaccination, and the vaccination work is unanimously recognized by the recipients.
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Objective: To conduct epidemiological investigation of a family cluster of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Fangshan District, Beijing, so as to provide reference and scientific basis for the strategy of prevention and control.
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Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and effect of prevention on imported COVID-19 cases in Beijing, and provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of imported COVID-19.